DAEHAN MUDO HWE

1967- June 1968 (disbanded)
Joo-Bang Lee, Joo-Sang Lee, Dae-Hoon Choi, Han-Jae Ji.
After the disbanding of the unification, these members returned to their original arts: Hwa Rang Do & Hap Ki Do Seoul, Korea

Modern Age Organizations of Korean Martial Arts
After 1945 Independance from Japan:

1948 - PRESENT : DAEHAN GUMDO HWE

• Korean Gumdo Association: After the independance from Japan, the Korean practitioners of Japanse Kendo changed the name of the art to "Gumdo" and made the first Gumdo organization in Korea.

1948 - PRESENT : DAEHAN YUDO HWE

• Korean Yudo Association: The Korean practitioners of Japanese Judo, Mun-Suk Lee and Jin-Hi Han, changed the name of the art to Yudo and made the first Yudo organiation in Korea.
  

1953 -1965 : DAEHAN TANGSOODO SUBAKDO HWE

• Korean Tangsoodo Association: Okinawate practitioner Ki Hwang changed to the name of Tangsoodo and named his first organization "Subakdo Hwe. " In 1965 this organization joined the Korean Taekwondo Association.

1962 -1964 : DAEHAN KONGSOODO HYUPHWE

• Korean Kongsoodo Association: Kongsoodo; Chang Mu Kwan, Song Mu kwan, Chung Do Kwan, Ji Do Kwan, and Han Mu Kwan estanlished the first Kongsoodo organization.

1962 - 1966 : HANKUK MUSOOL HWE (KUK SOOL HWE)

• Korean Martial Skills Association: Hwarangdo® and Hapkido Founders Joo-Bang Lee and Joo-Sang Lee with YuSool and Shipalgae practitioner In-Hyuk Suh and four other Yusool and Hapkido masters made the first Korean martial skills organization. More detailed information about this organization is available here.

1963 - 1986 : DAEHAN KIDO HWE

• Korean Kido Association: The meeting of the first Yusool masters was held in in 1963 at Jeong-Yun Kim's Hanpool School in Seoul. At this meeting it was agreed upon to change the name of "Hapkido" to "Kido." The masters that attended this meeting were: Yong-Sul Choi, Bok-Sup Suh, Joo-Bang Lee, Joo-Sang Lee, Han-Jae Ji, Kwang-Hwa Won, Woo-Tack Kim, and Jeong-Yun Kim. After changing the name of the Hapkido art, Bok-Sup Suh and Du-Young Kim registered the organization "Daehan Kido Hwe" with the Korean government. This was the second martial art organization in Korea, however since it was located in a rurual area of Korea, namely Daegu, there were no members of schools. Most Korean martial arts headquarters are located in the capital city of Seoul in order to draw on more public support and opportunities, so this became an "empty" organization. In 1986, In-Huk Suh took over this empty organization and gave control to his brother In-Sun Seo.
  
  note: The reason for the name changes of this art can be found in the meaning of the Chinese characters and the historical context of the period. The occupation of Japan was fresh in Korean's minds, and they did not want to use the Japanese term Yawara (pronounced in Korean Yusool) for their art, so the name Hapkido was created. After learning about the existence of the Japanese art Aikido, which was founded by Morei Ueshiba, the "name of Hapkido" was changed to "Kido" by these first masters because Hapkido and Aikido have identical Chinese characters and meaning.

1964 -1964 (6 MONTHS ONLY): DAEHAN TAESUDO HYUPHWE

• Korean Taesudo Association: Kongsoodo, Tangsoodo, and Taekwondo masters made their second association, however 6 months later they changed the name to the Korean Taekwondo Association and the Daehan Taesudo Hyuphwe was disbanded.

1965-1972 : DAEHAN TAEKWONDO HYUPHWE

• Korean Taekwondo Association: Oh Do Kwan Taekwondo founder Hong-Hi Choi and six other kwan (trans: house of schools) founders changed the name of their organization for the third time to the Koean Taekwondo Association and the Korean government made Taekwondo the national sport.

1967-1968 : DAEHAN MUDO HWE

• Korean Martial Arts Association: In 1967, Korean president Jeong-Hee Park ordered a number of prominent martial art masters to establish one governing organization that would encompass and unify all Korean martial arts and their organizations. The goal of this project was similar to what had happened a few years earlier when Kongsoodo, Tangsoodo, and Taekwondo were unified to create the national sport of Taekwondo. The Korean government attempted to create two governing organizations; one would handle the national sport (Daehan Taekwondo Hyup Hwe) and the other would handle the national martial art (Daehan Mudo Hwe).
  
  The creation and organization of this new association was a combined effort of: Hwarangdo founder Joo-Bang Lee and Joo-Sang Lee, Kihapdo founder Dae-Hoon Choi, and Sungmukwan Hapkido founder Han-Jae Ji. The martial arts that were to be unified under the Daehan Mudo Hwe were: Hwarangdo®, Kuksool Hwe, Yusool, Hapkido, Seongmu Kwan, Yusool Kwan, Kuksool Kwan, Musool Kwan, Kwangmu Kwan, Pyungmu Kwan, Kihapdo, Kukkido, Kido, Yukwonsool, and Bulmudo. One of the main promotions for this new organization came on May 27, 1968 at the Jangchung Sports Arena in Seoul for a national martial arts exibition, which was directed by Hwarangdo founders Joo-Bang Lee and Joo-Sang Lee. However, only one month after this demonstration the Daehan Mudo Hwe was disbanded. All other arts that were a part of this unification atempt were also disbanded except for the division of the two main original martial arts and organizations. One was the martial art of Hwa Rang Do and the Korean Hwa Rang Do Association, which was founded by Joo-Bang Lee and Joo-Sang Lee. The second was Hapkido and the Korean Hapkido Association, which was founded by Dae-Hoon Choi and Han-Jae Ji.
  
  It was also at this time that Yong-Sul Choi (Korean founder of Daito Ryu Yawara - AiKiJuJitsu) changed the name of his school to Hapkido and took the the Dojoonim title of the art Hapkido. More detailed information regarding the circumstances of this period is available here.

1968-1972 : DAEHAN HWARANGDO HWE

• Korean Hwa Rang Do® Association: Dr. Joo-Bang Lee and Joo-Sang Lee

1968-1975 : DAEHAN HAPKIDO HYUPHWE

• Korean Hapkido Association: Han-Jae Ji and Dae-Hoon Choi

1972- PRESENT : SAEGAE HWARANGDO HWE

• World Hwa Rang Do® Association: Dr. Joo-Bang Lee and Joo-Sang Lee

1973-PRESENT : SAEGAE TAEKWONDO YEONMAENG

• World Taekwondo Federation: Dr. Un-Yong Kim

1973-PRESENT : KUKJAE TAEKWONDO YEONMAENG

• International Taekwondo Federation: Hong-Hi Choi

1985-PRESENT : SAEGAE SINMU HAPKIDO HYUPHWE

• World Sinmu Hapkido Association: Since Hapkido had so many organizations Han-Jae Ji created a new martial art in 1985, which he named Sinmu Hapkido and subsequently he founded the World Sinmu Hapkido Association.

Note about Hapkido: After 1975 many individual schools made their own organizations for business promotional purposes. Since this type of occurance has happend in multiple regions around the globe, Hapkido has lost its ability to maintain quality control and has turned into a generic art.

Note about Taekwondo: After 1973 many Taekwondo and Hapkido schools each had their own organization and most Taekwondo schools used other generic martial arts' names for business purposes. Taekwondo has become an Olympic discipline and has changed from an art to a sport. Since Taekwondo has also become a generic term, many public schools now use other generic art names in conjunction with the Taekwondo name, which has further damaged the traditional Taekwondo identity.

Note about the current situation of the general martial art community: With the influx of business tactics and the goal of financial success as the primary motivational factor for the majority of martial art school owners, the overal level of quality control has diminished to an alarming level within the martial art community. Many of the arts that once defined the skills and values for their particualr art within the sphere of the entire community have become generic. Karate, Taekwondo, Hapkido, Kungfu, to name a few, have lost their ability to govern themselves and even the ability to define common syllabi, concepts, and philosophies.

Now that these arts do not have the means to govern their name, many individuals within the martial art community use mulitiple martial art names (and to some degree techniques) as if they can be combined without losing the integrity of their original traditional identity. In the past, martial arts were divided into two main divisions, hard and soft style. However, now since the mixing of techniques has become a prominent phenomena, the soft style arts (Hapkido, Kungfu, etc) and the hard style arts (Karate, Taekwondo, etc) now look similar to one another, and the features that once definded these arts and styles have been lost. The wonderful martial art identities that were founded by the those original masters have now become just a synthisys of techniques and their art names are used indiscriminately for the benifit of an individual's buisiness purposes, like a retail store.

With the onset of the co-optation of most martial art names by financial motivated individuals, and the public realization of this fact, many members of the martial art community now wish to claim that they have "pure" roots. Whether they are simply unaware of the true development of the modern martial arts or have selfish interests, there are many individuals who are attempting to rewrite the the historical development of the martial art lineage in order to cast a brighter light onto themselves for promotional purposes. Unfortunately the ignorance and common place of these new "historical claims" has lead to further degradation of the traditional martial art identities.

Now there are multidutes of books, videos, and websites that exemplify these current trends, which are also created by individuals who do not have any qualification. Black belts and even color belts call themselves by a master or grandmaster title without true certification or testing. These are also the individuals who make many of the books and videos that are sold to the public, which in turn has caused somewhat of a prolififeration of these false martial art practitioners and claims. This has caused drastic public confusion as to the true nature of these particular martial arts, and now today, in many cases it is hard to tell what the original arts of Karate, Hapkido, and Taekwondo ever were; and moreover what the spirit of these martial arts were.

These events and circumstances have been an eye opener to many of the traditional practitioners within the martial art community. In order to truly maintain the level of quality for the representation of a martial art within the public, a strong governing organization combined with thorough awareness of all of the traits that define that particular art (technically, conceptually, and philosophically) for that art's practitioners, is needed. We can also see the need for legal protection which is evident from a few martial arts such as Hwa Rang Do®, Tae Soo Do® and other martial arts which are now internationally registered trademarks. This type of action has created strong control of the quality of these arts and also ensures the integrity of their public representation will remain good.

A martial art is not a sport or type of academic study. There are traditional virtues and qualities that define all aspects of each particular martial art. It is strongly reccomended that if you wish to practice a martial art you thoroughly research which art contains what you wish to learn technically, and which art's identity has a high level of quality and will maintain that level in the future.

KOCHOSUN

3000BC-57BC

SAEGAE HWA RANG DO® HWE

1972 - present USA

TAE SOO DO®

established 1990
sports version of Hwa Rang Do. Both martial art names are protected by internationally registered trademark.

HWA RANG DO
& HAP KI DO

1961-1968 Joo-Bang Lee, Joo-Sang Lee one of the founders of the Hapkido name (In 1956 they recieved master-title of YuSool (Yawara )by Yong-Sul Choi)

TAEKKYUN
At the end of the Yi-dynasty the folk-game called TaeKkyon, consisting mainly of soft kicking techniques, was getting popular; but during the Japanese occupation of Korea it was outlawed. In 1972 Duk-Ki, Song opened the first public school in Korea after the Independence